A primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative (as follow) -- arise (up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up), bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, + shew, climb (up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart, exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make to) go (away, up); grow (over) increase, lay, leap, levy, lift (self) up, light, (make) up, X mention, mount up, offer, make to pay, + perfect, prefer, put (on), raise, recover, restore, (make to) rise (up), scale, set (up), shoot forth (up), (begin to) spring (up), stir up, take away (up), work.
H5927. alah
עָלָה890 verb go up, ascend, climb (Late Hebrew id.; MI33(?); Phoenician עלה; Assyrian elû; Arabic ; ᵑ7 and Syriac in derived species; compare perhaps Ethiopic (for Di54); Sabean עלי = DHMZMG xxxvii. 415, compare עלוהו = SabDenkm91); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳ע Genesis 19:15 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽלְתָה 40:10 +; עָלָ֑תָה Jeremiah 14:2; 1 Samuel 1:22; 2masculine singular עָלִיתָ Genesis 49:4 +, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יַעֲלֶה 2:6 +, יַ֫עַל 44:33 +, וַיַּעַל 13:1 +; suffix יַעֲלֶנָּה Isaiah 35:9, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָלֹה Genesis 46:4 2t.; construct עֲלוֺת 32:25 +, etc.; Imperative עֲלֵה 35:1 +; feminine singular עֲלִי Numbers 21:17 +, plural עֲלוּ Genesis 44:17 +; Participle עֹלֶה 38:13 +; עוֺלֶה Isaiah 24:18 +, plural עֹלִים Genesis 28:12 +, etc.; —
1 of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations:
a. from low place to high, with מִמִּצְרַיִם מִן, Genesis 45:25 (E) + 6 t.; מצרים מארץ Exodus 13:18 (E) + 3 t.; מִבָּבֶל Ezra 7:6; 8:1; הירדן מִן Joshua 4:16-17, 19 (P); מ(ןהֿ)מדבר Song of Solomon 3:6; 8:5 etc.
b. out of a place, with הארץ מִן מִן, 1 Samuel 28:13; מֵהַבְּאֵר 2 Samuel 17:21; הַמַּחַת מִ(תּוֺךְ) Isaiah 24:18; Jeremiah 48:44.
c. with accusative of place whither: a city ביתאל Genesis 35:1, 3(E); שׁבע באר 26:23 (J); a mountain ההר Numbers 13:17 (JE) Deuteronomy 1:24 +, etc.; a bed Genesis 49:4 (twice in verse) (J) 2 Kings 1:4, 16, gate Ruth 4:1; (הַ)שָּׁמַיִם Deuteronomy 30:12; 2 Kings 2:11; Amos 9:2 4t.; with (ה)הר אל אֶלֿ, Exodus 19:23; 34:2, 4 (J) 24:15, 18 (P) + 5 t. P; אֶלהַֿמָּקוֺם Deuteronomy 17:8, ירושׁלם אל Ezra 7:7; Isaiah 2:3 = Micah 4:2 (הר אל), with accusative of location + ׳אֶליֿ (see 2b) Jeremiah 31:6, of going up to Jerusalem (from a distance), etc.; with לְ to, לירושׁלם Ezra 1:3 (from Babylon); לבית 1 Samuel 25:35, etc.; with עַד unto, עדנֿחל Numbers 32:9 (J); with עָרֵי בְּאַחַת בְּ, 2 Samuel 2:1 (construction praegn.); פרצים בְּבעל 1 Chronicles 14:11 (strike out בְּ); בְּגִרָלִי Judges 1:3.
d. to sacred places, Exodus 34:24, with accusative יהוה בית, from palace 2 Kings 19:14; 20:5, 8; 23:2; 2 Chronicles 29:20; 34:30; Isaiah 37:14; 38:22; Jeremiah 26:10; במה 1 Samuel 9:13-14, 19; with האלהים הר אל אֶל, Exodus 24:13 (E); י ׳בּבית 1 Samuel 1:7 (בּ dittograph); יהוה בהר Psalm 24:3.
e. with accusative דֶּרֶךְ by the way to Numbers 21:33 (E) Deuteronomy 3:1; Judges 8:11; 1 Samuel 6:9; 2 Kings 3:8; מעלה Jeremiah 48:5; חוֺמָה Joel 2:7.
f. ascend, climb, with בְּ by, a ladder Genesis 28:12 (E), Ezekiel 40:6, 22, 29, etc.; with עַל upon, altar by (ב) steps, of priest, Exodus 20:23 (Gi; van d. H. 20:26; E) the roof Joshua 2:8; Judges 9:51, bed Psalm 132:3; עַליָֿדָיו on his hands 1 Samuel 14:13; עב במתי על Isaiah 14:14 ("" אֵל לכוכבי ממעל), etc.
2 go up, in personal relations:
a. to meet or visit, with אֶל person, Genesis 44:17, 24, 34; 45:9 (J) Joshua 10:4, 6 (all with implication of ascent), Deuteronomy 25:7 (to gate of city), +; with על person, Genesis 38:12 (= ה locative, up to Timnah); לקראת 46:29 (J) Judges 6:35; 2 Kings 1:3, 6, 7.
b. go up unto (אֶל) God, on a height, האלהים אל Exodus 19:3 (E) 1 Samuel 10:3; יהוה אל Exodus 24:1 (E) 19:24; 32:30 (J) Judges 21:5 (twice in verse); 21:8 (to war); אֵלַי Exodus 24:12 (E) Deuteronomy 10:1; unto Deborah Judges 4:5.
c. go up, in war, with אֶל against Numbers 13:31 (E) Judges 1:1; 12:3; 1 Samuel 7:7; Isaiah 36:10 (= על 2 Kings 18:25) +; oftener with על, 1 Samuel 14:10; Judges 6:3; 15:10; 18:9; 1 Kings 14:25 +; with על + לַצָּבָא Joshua 22:12, 33 (P); with בְּ, Isaiah 7:6; Jeremiah 48:18; with לְ Habakkuk 3:16; + למלחמה Judges 20:18 3t.; + במלחמה 1 Samuel 29:9; המלחמה וַתּעל(ה) 1 Kings 22:35 2 Chronicles 18:34.
d. go up after, with אחרי = follow 1 Samuel 25:13; 1 Kings 1:35, 40.
e. go up, depart, with מֵעַל (q. v.) 1 Samuel 6:20; Genesis 17:22; 35:18 (P) +, subject י ׳כבוד Ezekiel 11:23-24, = withdraw, retreat, 1 Kings 15:19; 2 Kings 12:19; Jeremiah 21:2, absolute 2 Samuel 23:9, and so read "" 1 Chronicles 11:13 (see DrSm).
3 of animals, go or come up: absolute frogs Exodus 7:28 (J) Exodus 8:2 (P), quails 16:13 (P); lion Isaiah 35:9; fox Nehemiah 3:25; rise up, fly up, eagle Isaiah 40:31; Jeremiah 49:22; with מִן, cattle out of water Genesis 41:2-3, 18, 19; Song of Solomon 4:2; 6:6, lion הַיַּרְדֵּן מִגְּאוֺן Jeremiah 49:19 = 50:44, מִסֻּבְּכוֺ 4:7, from prey Genesis 49:9 (J); climb up into (ב) houses, locusts Joel 2:9; frogs, on (ב) persons Exodus 7:29 (J); with על, of cattle, sexually Genesis 31:10, 12 (E); locusts upon the land Exodus 10:12, 14 (E) Joel 1:6.
4 of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth: trees Isaiah 55:13 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 47:12; קיקיון Jonah 4:6; grass Deuteronomy 29:22; Amos 7:1; ears of grain Genesis 41:5, 22 (E), also 40:10 (E) Isaiah 5:6; 32:13 compare simile 53:2, Hosea 10:8; Proverbs 26:9; קמשׂנים ׳ע כֻלּוֺ 24:31 all of it grown up with thorns, Isaiah 34:13; figurative קֶרֶן Daniel 8:3, 8.
5 of natural phoenomena, go up, rise: dew, Exodus 16:14, i.e. disappear (P); מִןהָֿאָרֶץ ע ׳אֵד Genesis 2:6 (J), cloud 1 Kings 18:44; Jeremiah 4:13; ׳ע הַשַּׁחַר dawn, etc. Genesis 19:15 (JE) Judges 19:25; 1 Samuel 9:26 +; smoke Genesis 19:28; Exodus 19:18 (J) Judges 20:40 +; fire 6:21; flame 13:20; stench Isaiah 34:3; Joel 2:20; incense Ezekiel 8:11; well Numbers 21:17 (E); waters Jeremiah 47:2; Nile 46:7-8, Amos 8:8; 9:5; with על, of overflow Isaiah 8:7 +.
6 of inanimate things (instead of passive construction), absolute, shock of grain (to גֹּרֶן) Job 5:26; of בָּשָׂר (covering bones in Ezekiel's vision) Ezekiel 37:8; with על, of garments upon the body Leviticus 19:19 (P) Ezekiel 44:17; razor on head Judges 13:5; 16:17; 1 Samuel 1:11; yoke upon oxen Numbers 19:2 (P) 1 Samuel 6:7; lot upon an animal Leviticus 16:9-10, (P); with בְּ, weight in balance Psalm 62:10; entry in (ב) a book 1 Chronicles 27:24; = be offered (of sacrifice) 1 Kings 18:29; 2 Kings 3:20; Isaiah 60:7; אֲרוּכָה (q. v.) in healing, Jeremiah 8:22, figurative 2 Chronicles 24:13; Nehemiah 4:1.
7 of thoughts, ׳ע לב על 2 Kings 12:5; Isaiah 65:17 5t.; ׳ע לבב על Jeremiah 51:50; Ezekiel 38:10; ׳ע לב אל 14:7; ׳ע רוּחַ על 20:32; of anger 2 Samuel 11:20; 2 Chronicles 36:16 (ב person) + 3 t.; temper Ecclesiastes 10:4 (עָלֶיךָ).
8 come up before God, arrogance, בְּאָזְנָיו 2 Kings 19:18 = Isaiah 37:29; cry, ׳אֶלאֿ Exodus 2:23 (P), with accusative 1 Samuel 5:12, absolute Jeremiah 14:2; tumult Psalm 74:23; of evil Jonah 1:2 (לְפָנַי).
9 go up, extend, of boundary, with מִן whence, + accusative, לְ אֶל, and even בְ whither Joshua 15:3, 6, 8; 18:12 (twice in verse) + (all P). 10. excel: thou excellest (עַל) them Proverbs 31:29; be superior to מעלה מעלה עליך יעלה Deuteronomy 28:43. — עוֺלֶה Job 36:33 is difficult, compare Comm., and see עַוְלָה).
Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נַעֲלָה Numbers 10:11 +; 2 masculine singular נַעֲלֵיתָ Psalm 97:9; Imperfect יֵעָלֶה Exodus 40:37, etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָלוֺת Numbers 9:17 +, etc.; Imperative masculine plural הֵעָלוּ 16:24; —
1. a. be brought up: לירושׁלם מבבל Ezra 1:11.
b. be taken up, לשׁון שׂפת על וַתֵּעֲלוּ Ezekiel 36:3 (Köi. 553; talked about).
c. (1) passive, be taken up, away, of (pillar of) cloud, followed by מֵעַל of tabernacle Exodus 40:36; Numbers 9:17; 10:11 (P); absolute Exodus 40:37 (twice in verse); Numbers 9:21 (twice in verse); 9:22 (P); of the glory from upon the cherubim Ezekiel 9:3; (2) reflexive, take oneself away from, get up from: מִסָּבִיבֹ Numbers 16:24; מֵעַל 16:27; of a besieging army Jeremiah 37:5, 11.
2 reflexive: take oneself away מאחרי person, from following after, 2 Samuel 2:27.
3 be exalted, of God Psalm 47:10; with על, over all gods Psalm 97:9.
Hiph`il Perfect הֶעֱלָךְ Numbers 8:3 +, הֵעֲלָה Habakkuk 1:15 (Ges§ 63p); suffix הֶעֶלְךָ Nehemiah 9:18, הֶעֱלָנוּ Exodus 32:1-2t.; 3 feminine singular וְהַעַלְתָה 1 Samuel 2:19 consecutive; suffix הֶעֱלָ֫תַם Joshua 2:6; 2masculine singular הֶעֱלִיתָ Exodus 33:1 +; וְהַעֲלִיתָ consecutive Deuteronomy 27:6 +; הֶעֱלֵיתָ Exodus 32:7; וְהַעֲלֵיתָ consecutive 40:4; 2masculine plural suffix הֶעֱלִיתֻנוּ Numbers 20:5; 21:5, etc.; Imperfect יַעֲלֶה Leviticus 17:8 +; וְיַ֫עַל 2 Samuel 24:22; וַיַּעֲלֶה Jeremiah 10:13; וַיַּ֫עַל Genesis 8:20 +, suffix יַעְלֵם Deuteronomy 28:61, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַעֲלֵה Ezekiel 23:46; construct הַעֲלוֺת 1 Chronicles 23:31 +, etc.; Imperative הַ֫עַל Exodus 33:12 2t.; feminine singular הַעֲלִי 1 Samuel 28:8, 11 +, etc.; Participle מַעֲלֶה 7:10 +; construct מַעֲלֵה Leviticus 11:4 +; suffix מַעַלְךָ Deuteronomy 20:1; Psalm 81:11; feminine מַעֲלָה Leviticus 11:26; construct מַעֲלַת 11:3, 6; Deuteronomy 14:6, etc.; —
1 bring up persons:
a. from a place, with הַסָּ֑לַע ׃מִן מִן Judges 15:13; מִמִּצְרַיִם Exodus 17:3 (E) + 3 t. E, + 8 t.; מצרים מארץ 32:1 (J) + 5 t. J, + Leviticus 11:45 (P), Deuteronomy 20:1; Joshua 24:17 (E), + 13 t.; צפון מארץ Jeremiah 16:15 = 23:8.
b. (1) out of a place, with ׃מן הַ)בּוֺר מִ(ן Genesis 37:28 (E) Psalm 40:3; Jeremiah 38:10, 13; משּׁחת Jonah 2:7; מקּברות Ezekiel 37:12-13, מןשֿׁאול Psalm 30:4, etc.; (2) with בְּ by means of, בְּחֶרְמִי Ezekiel 32:3 (Habakkuk 1:15 see 3 below).
c. with accusative of place whither, Numbers 20:25 (P) 22:41 (E) Joshua 2:6; 7:24 (J) Ezra 4:2; השׁמים 2 Kings 2:1; with ׃אֶל אֶלהָֿעֲלִיָּה 1 Kings 17:19; with ׃לְ לבית2 Chronicles 8:11.
d. cause to ascend, climb: המרכבה על 1 Kings 20:33 (אֶל 2 Kings 10:15 probably error), עלהֿמגדלות2 Chronicles 32:5 (ᵑ9 built towers thereon, i.e. ׳ע עָלָיו); להומה מֵעַל Nehemiah 12:31 see על
IV 2 e. 2 in personal relations:
a. bring up, with אל, 1 Samuel 19:15; 2 Kings 10:15; 25:6; Jeremiah 39:5; 52:9; with לְ 1 Samuel 28:8, 11 (twice in verse).
b. in war, with עַל against2 Chronicles 36:17; Jeremiah 50:9; Ezekiel 16:40; 23:46; 26:3.
c. take away (from life) Psalm 102:25; Job 36:20.
3 bring up animals, with על, frogs הארץ על Exodus 8:1; 8:3 (P); bring up horses to a charge Jeremiah 51:27, compare Nahum 3:3; draw up men, under figure of fish (בְּחַכָּה) Habakkuk 1:15; train, young lion Ezekiel 19:3; of cattle, גֵרָה מעלה, i.e. chewing the cud Leviticus 11:3-4, (twice in verse); 11:5-6, 26; Deuteronomy 14:6-7, (twice in verse).
4 cause to ascend: with accusative of thing, smoke העיר מן Judges 20:38; stench באף Amos 4:10, etc.; bring waters upon, על Isaiah 8:7; bring up from (מן location) 2 Samuel 6:2, 12; 1 Kings 8:1; Genesis 50:25 (JE), +; with אֶל location, Judges 16:3; 1 Chronicles 15:3, 12, with accusative of location 2 Chronicles 2:15; with אל person 1 Samuel 6:21; with לְ person Judges 16:8; 1 Samuel 2:19; with על, bring sickness upon Deuteronomy 28:61; ׳הע ראשׁ על עפר throw dust on the head Joshua 7:6; Lamentations 2:10; Ezekiel 27:30; clothe sackcloth upon Amos 8:10; flesh upon Ezekiel 37:6; put ornaments on 2 Samuel 1:24; compare also 1 Kings 10:16-17, 2 Chronicles 9:15-16, 3:5, 14; ׳הע נֵר light lamp (make flame go up; Thes and others of raising lamp upon the lamp-stand) Exodus 25:37; 27:20 6t. P; bring up new flesh (heal; see אֲרוּכָה) Jeremiah 30:17; 33:6.
5 mentally: ׳הע לב על גִּלּוּלִים Ezekiel 14:3, לב אל 14:7, i.e. make object of thought; rouse, stir up, with accusative אַף, anger Proverbs 15:1, compare Ezekiel 24:8.
6 ׳הע ל ׳מנחה 2 Kings 17:4 offer a present; bring up tithe to (ל) Nehemiah 10:39; ׳הע מַס raise a levy 1 Kings 5:27; 1 Kings 9:15, למס 9:21; 2 Chronicles 8:8.
7 exalt: Psalm 137:6 if I exalt not Jerusalem above (עַל) my chief joy; גםֿ(מ)עלה אַעַלְךָ אנכי Genesis 46:4 (E) I will exalt thee exceedingly (compare Qal 10; מ lost in ᵑ0, after ם; Di and most bring up).
8 cause to ascend (in flame; Thes and others to go up on altar), offer sacrifice, usually עֹלָה, either alone or following by other sacrifices: עלות העלה Exodus 24:5 (E) 32:6 (J) Leviticus 17:8 (H) Deuteronomy 12:13-14, + (see עֹלָה); seldom: קטרת Exodus 30:9 (P), compare Psalm 66:15; מנחה Isaiah 57:6; 66:3, also probably 1 Kings 18:29, 36; 2 Kings 3:20 ( > Qal); פר(יםׅ Numbers 23:2, 4, 14, 30 (E) Psalm 51:21; בעיניו הטוב 2 Samuel 24:22; ׳הע ליהוה Judges 13:16; absolute 2 Chronicles 8:13; 29:29; ׳הע לעולה Genesis 22:2, 13 (E); with accusative of location בָמָה מַעֲלֶה Jeremiah 48:35; מזבח(לׅ Leviticus 14:20 (P) Isaiah 60:7 ( > Qal); with לְ local 2 Chronicles 29:27; with בְּ local Genesis 8:20 (J) Numbers 23:2, 4, 14, 30 (E); עלהַֿחֹמָה 2 Kings 3:27; usually על location, הַצּוּר על Judges 13:19, ׳הע מזבח על 1 Kings 12:32-33, (twice in verse); 2 Kings 16:12; 2 Chronicles 1:6; 29:21; 1 Samuel 2:28, מזבח על פרים Psalm 51:21; elsewhere ׳חע מזבח על עלות Exodus 40:29 (P) Joshua 22:23; 1 Kings 3:4; 9:25; 2 Chronicles 1:6; 35:16; Ezra 3:2; Ezekiel 43:18, ׳הע מז על ליהוה ׳עלות Deuteronomy 27:6; Joshua 8:31; 1 Chronicles 16:40; 2 Chronicles 8:12; Ezra 3:3.
Hoph`al Perfect;.; —
1 be carried away, 3 feminine singular הֹעֲלָ֑תָךְ Nahum 2:8.
2 be taken up into, inserted in, 3 masculine singular הֹעֲלָה2 Chronicles 20:34 (ספר על) (passive of Qal 6).
33masculine singular be offered, of פר Judges 6:28 (המזבח על).
Hithpa`el lift oneself: Imperfect3masculine singular אֶליִֿתְעַל Jeremiah 51:3 against (him that) lifts himself, but corrupt; either read אַלֿ, let him not, etc. (ᵑ9 ᵑ7 ᵑ6 Hi Gf Gie Rothst), or strike out אל (ᵐ5 CoHpt.).
עלה (√of following; see Biblical Hebrew עָלָה).