STRONGS NUMBER H8081

H8081. shemen

שֶׁ֫מֶן‎₁₉₂ noun masculine 2 Kings 20:13 (on apparently feminine Song of Solomon 1:3 compare Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 99, 106}) fat, oil; — ׳שׁ‎ absolute Genesis 28:28 +, construct Leviticus 8:2 +; ׳שָׁ֑‎ 2 Kings 4:6 +; suffix שַׁמְנִי‎ Hosea 2:7 +, etc.; plural שְׁמָנִים‎ Amos 6:6 +; suffix שְׁמָנֶיךָ‎ Song of Solomon 1:3, נַיִח‎- 4:10; —

1 fat, fatness: בֶּןשֿׁ ׳קֶרֶן‎ Isaiah 5:1 (of fertile slope); plural גֵּיאשְֿׁמָנִים‎ 28:1, 4; of food (in figurative) 25:6 (twice in verse); literal מִשָּׁ֑מֶן כָּחַשׁ כְּשָׂרִי‎ Psalm 109:24 (compare צוֺם‎ v^a), compare שׁ ׳מִמְּנֵי‎ Isaiah 10:27 (in figurative, si vera lectio, meaning obscure; most now emend by conjecture; RS^{JPH xili (1885), 62} שֹׁרֵד מִצָּפוֺן עָלָה‎ [see also II. חבל‎], joining to 10:28; Du Marti has gone up from Pene-Rimmon [??], compare Di-Kit).

2. a. oil, specifically olive-oil, as rich product Deuteronomy 8:8 + (see זַיִת‎); hence שׁ ׳עֵץ‎ Isaiah 41:19 oil-tree, usually explained as wild olive, oleaster, so Nehemiah 8:15 ("" וַיִת‎), שׁ ׳עֲצֵי‎ oleaster-wood 1 Kings 6:23, 31, 32, 33; once ׳שׁ הַמֹּר‎ Esther 2:2 (see מֹר‎ p. 600:b; ׳מ‎ also in holy anointing oil Exodus 30:23).

b. ׳שׁ‎ as staple (codiment) Numbers 11:8 (J; see לשׁד‎), of value 1 Kings 17:12, 14, 16; 2 Kings 2:4, 6, 7 4t.; symbol of plenty Deuteronomy 32:13; 33:24; Job 29:6; ascribed (fassely) to gift of Baals Hosea 2:7; as royal treasure 2 Kings 20:13 = Isaiah 39:2, compare 1 Kings 5:25 (׳שׁ תִית כָּ‎, see ׳כ‎) = 2 Chronicles 2:9; 2:14 3t.; tribute Hosea 12:2, article of trade Ezekiel 27:17; odoriferous Proverbs 27:9; Song of Solomon 1:3; 4:10, ׳שׁ רוֺקֵחַ‎ Ecclesiastes 10:1, so (figurative) Song of Solomon 1:3; Ecclesiastes 7:1; Proverbs 27:16 is corrupt, see Toy; sign of luxury Ezekiel 16:13; Proverbs 21:17, of prosperity Ezekiel 16:20.

c. ׳שׁ‎ as medicament Isaiah 1:6; as unguent, for shield 2 Samuel 1:21, person Amos 6:6; Micah 6:15; Deuteronomy 28:40; Ezekiel 16:9; Esther; Psalm 92:11; 104:15, not for mourner 2 Samuel 14:2; on head token of happiness Ecclesiastes 9:8, of hospitality, בַּמֹּ ׳דִּמַּנְתָּ ראֹשִׁי‎ Psalm 23:5 (figurative), in simile 133:2; 141:5.

d. for anointing king, הַשּׂ ׳מַּח‎ 1 Samuel 10:1; 2 Kings 9:1, 3, compare 9:6, with קֶרֶן‎ 1 Samuel 16:1, 13; 1 Kings 1:39; compare ׳בְּשׁ מְשַׁחְתִּיו קָדְשִׁי‎ Psalm 89:21.

e. in various figs., of joy ׳שׁ שָׂשׂוֺן‎ Isaiah 61:3; Psalm 45:8; soft words 55:22; Proverbs 5:3; as penetrating Prov 109:18; as clear, transparent Ezekiel 32:14.

f. used in primitive worship, poured on stone Genesis 28:18 (E), 35:14 (J).

g. in later ritual: for anointing priests, tabernacle, altar utensils, etc. (P), made of various ingred., ׳שׁ וַיִת‎ among them, Exodus 30:24, ׳שׁ הַמִּשְׁתָה‎ 25:6; Leviticus 8:2, 10, 12 11t.; ׳שׁ מִשְׁחַתקֹֿדֶשׁ‎ Exodus 30:25 (twice in verse) + 2t.; ׳שׁ ׳מ ׳י‎ Leviticus 10:7, ׳שׁ ׳מ אֱםהָיו‎ 21:12; ׳שׁ ׳הקּ‎ Numbers 35:25; ׳שׁ‎ alone Leviticus 14:10 12t. Leviticus 14; for lighting Exodus 25:6 6t. + ׳שׁ חִית כָּ זָח זַיִת‎ 27:20; Leviticus 24:2 (see תִית כָּ‎); poured upon מִנְחָה‎ 2:1 5t., compare 5:11; Numbers 5:15; smeared (see מָשַׁח‎) upon wafers Exodus 29:2; Leviticus 2:4 +, and cakes (or mixed in the making? compare בָּלַל‎) Exodus 29:2; Leviticus 2:4-5, +, so בַּשׁ ׳סֹלֶת‎ 2:7 etc. (c. 45 t. in all), שׁ לֶחֶם ׳חַלַּת‎ Exodus 29:23; Leviticus 8:26.

h. for use in temple 1 Chronicles 9:29.

i. for תְּרוּמָה‎ in Ezekiel's temple Ezekiel 45:14 (twice in verse) + 7 t. 45, 46.

j. efficacy denied Micah 6:7

k. offered to idols Isaiah 57:9; Ezekiel 16:18-19, 23:41. — See Macalister^{Hast. DB OIL} ARSK^{Ency. Bib. OIL}.